Wildfire or Forest fire

A wildfire or wild land fire is a fire in an area of combustible vegetation that occurs in the countryside or rural area. Depending on the type of vegetation where it occurs, a wildfire can also be classified more specifically as a brush fire, bush fire, desert fire, forest fire, grass fire, hill fire, peat fire, vegetation fire, or veld fire. Fossil charcoal indicates that wildfires began soon after the appearance of terrestrial plants 420 million years ago. Wildfire’s occurrence throughout the history of terrestrial life invites conjecture that fire must have had pronounced evolutionary effects on most ecosystems' flora and fauna. Earth is an intrinsically flammable planet owing to its cover of carbon-rich vegetation, seasonally dry climates, atmospheric oxygen, and widespread lightning and volcano ignitions

A wildfire is simply an uncontrolled fire that is wiping out large fields and areas of land. It is typically fires that started out of a lightning strike, or people carelessly starting it, or accidentally, or even arson, that went unnoticed and got out of hand. These fires sometimes burn for days and weeks. They can wipe out an entire forest and destroy almost every organic matter in it.

Wild fires can also be termed forest fires, grass fires, peat fires and bush fires depending on type of vegetation being burnt. Note that these fires tend to thrive in very warm and dry climates, rather than the thick, moist rainforest types.

Alert the fire service – dial the emergency number

Tell them who you are and how you can be contacted. Explain where the fire is burning as accurately as possible. If appropriate, you can meet the fire brigade and show them the way to the fire location.

Start extinguishing the fire, if possible

You can make an effective tool by chopping down a small tree, about two metres tall. Remove branches from the bottom up until just a tuft remains at the top. Use the tree like a broom and sweep the flames back into the fire area. This is very effective on burning organic matter. It is important that you do not beat the flames. It is less effective and in the worst case; it can cause the flames to flare up. You can also use sand or blankets to suffocate the flames. If you have access to water close to the fire area, both garden hoses, watering cans and buckets can help do the job.

Spread out fire fighting efforts along the flanks of the fire. Force the flames down to a single point until the fire goes out.

Make sure to keep watch and ensure adequate post-extinguishing

During a forest fire, the fire can burn in soil, tree stumps, ant-hills and other organic material. Even if the fire appears to be out, the wind can cause it to flare up again. Therefore, it is important that the area is monitored and post-extinguishing work must be done. Pay particular attention if wind is forecast or expected to increase in force.

Extinguishing forest fires is dangerous work

Be extremely careful and never take chances! Do not remain in locations where there is a risk that flames could surround you.